{"id":2380,"date":"2020-11-06T09:37:27","date_gmt":"2020-11-06T08:37:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/liberationinfo.com\/?p=2380"},"modified":"2020-11-06T09:37:27","modified_gmt":"2020-11-06T08:37:27","slug":"guinee-les-deux-plus-grands-defis-politiques-du-nouveau-president","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/liberationinfo.com\/index.php\/guinee-les-deux-plus-grands-defis-politiques-du-nouveau-president\/","title":{"rendered":"Guin\u00e9e: les deux plus grands d\u00e9fis politiques du nouveau pr\u00e9sident"},"content":{"rendered":"

Par Youssouf Sylla, analyste politique \u00e0 Conakry.<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

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Une temp\u00eate m\u00eame ravageuse finira par passer, c\u00e9dant la place\u00a0<\/span><\/span>d\u2019abord \u00e0 un<\/span><\/span>\u00a0spectacle d\u00e9solant<\/span><\/span>, ensuite\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u00e0 la reconstruction. La temp\u00eate \u00e9lectorale guin\u00e9enne n\u2019a peut-\u00eatre pas fini de produire tous ses effets, mais la Guin\u00e9e ne peut pas<\/span><\/span>,<\/span><\/span>\u00a0compte tenu de ses autres urgences<\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u00e9conomiques et sociales<\/span><\/span>, se permettre d\u2019\u00eatre i<\/span><\/span>nd\u00e9finiment\u00a0<\/span><\/span>prise\u00a0<\/span><\/span>en\u00a0<\/span><\/span>otage<\/span><\/span>\u00a0par<\/span><\/span>\u00a0cette temp\u00eate<\/span><\/span>. Il faut qu\u2019elle se\u00a0<\/span><\/span>rel\u00e8ve pour avancer.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Les voix de la division ont largement pris<\/span><\/span>\u00a0en effet<\/span><\/span>\u00a0le dessus sur les appels \u00e0 l\u2019apaisement pendant et apr\u00e8s la tr\u00e8s chaude campagne politique pour la pr\u00e9sidentielle d\u2019octobre dernier. Malgr\u00e9 tout, l\u2019histoire enseigne qu\u2019aucune paix durable ne peut \u00eatre obtenue dans la division et avec la mont\u00e9e des extr\u00eames, d\u2019o\u00f9 la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de les contenir pour le bien de l\u2019ensemble.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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La bataille \u00e9lectorale qui a compl\u00e8tement vir\u00e9 sur le terrain d\u2019un ethnocentrisme affich\u00e9 et assum\u00e9 a brusquement r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 au grand jour deux choses : l\u2019\u00e9tat de d\u00e9confiture de l\u2019unit\u00e9 nationale et\u00a0<\/span><\/span>des\u00a0<\/span><\/span>questionnements sur la fiabilit\u00e9 du syst\u00e8me\u00a0<\/span><\/span>de gestion des \u00e9lections. Alors que l\u2019opposition ne croit pas dans\u00a0<\/span><\/span>le syst\u00e8me officiel, le syst\u00e8me\u00a0<\/span><\/span>non officiel\u00a0<\/span><\/span>pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 par le principal leader de cette opposition\u00a0<\/span><\/span>reste lui aussi non reconnu par les pouvoirs publics.<\/span><\/span>\u00a0Mais aussi par les partenaires internationaux de la Guin\u00e9e.<\/span><\/span>\u00a0En Guin\u00e9e, l<\/span><\/span>a\u00a0<\/span><\/span>confiance de\u00a0<\/span><\/span>toutes les parties prenantes<\/span><\/span>\u00a0dans le syst\u00e8me\u00a0<\/span><\/span>de gestion des \u00e9lections\u00a0<\/span><\/span>reste par\u00a0<\/span><\/span>cons\u00e9quent une pr\u00e9occupation majeure\u00a0<\/span><\/span>pour la survie de la d\u00e9mocratie et\u00a0<\/span><\/span>la consolidation de la paix<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span>\u00a0Le nouveau pr\u00e9sident devrait\u00a0<\/span><\/span>rapidement\u00a0<\/span><\/span>prendre la mesure de<\/span><\/span>\u00a0ces\u00a0<\/span><\/span>enjeux\u00a0<\/span><\/span>et\u00a0<\/span><\/span>les<\/span><\/span>\u00a0traiter en toute urgence dans le cadre de la\u00a0<\/span><\/span>reconstruction\u00a0<\/span><\/span>du pays, apr\u00e8s le passage de la temp\u00eate\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u00e9lectorale.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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Unit\u00e9 nationale, recoller durablement les morceaux<\/span><\/span>\u00a0apr\u00e8s tant de g\u00e2chis<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u2019est le premier pilier de la\u00a0<\/span><\/span>reconstruction<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span>\u00a0L\u2019unit\u00e9 nationale<\/span><\/span>\u00a0est la chose la plus affect\u00e9e par cette \u00e9lection, alors qu\u2019en son absence, il est difficile pour une nation de relever ses d\u00e9fis. Le d\u00e9litement du tissu social ne tombe pourtant pas du ciel et n\u2019est pas le fruit d\u2019un d\u00e9cret divin. Il est le r\u00e9sultat d\u2019un certain nombre d\u2019actes pos\u00e9s par les Guin\u00e9ens eux-m\u00eames.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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Aujourd\u2019hui, chacun accuse l\u2019autre d\u2019\u00eatre responsable de ce qui arrive<\/span><\/span>au pays<\/span><\/span>\u00a0sur la base\u00a0<\/span><\/span>des jugements souvent biais\u00e9s\u00a0<\/span><\/span>par des consid\u00e9rations politiques.\u00a0<\/span><\/span>La Guin\u00e9e est quasiment bloqu\u00e9e \u00e0 ce stade, oubliant\u00a0<\/span><\/span>qu\u2019en\u00a0<\/span><\/span>en r\u00e9alit\u00e9,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>la construction de l\u2019unit\u00e9\u00a0<\/span><\/span>nationale<\/span><\/span>\u00a0est\u00a0<\/span><\/span>forc\u00e9ment\u00a0<\/span><\/span>une responsabilit\u00e9 collective<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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Une erreur capitale du nouvel homme fort de\u00a0<\/span><\/span>ce pays,<\/span><\/span>\u00a0serait de laisser cette situation perdurer<\/span><\/span>. Il devrait<\/span><\/span>donner le ton,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>jeter les bases les plus solides d\u2019une fraternit\u00e9 nationale et intelligente entre toutes les communaut\u00e9s de la nation<\/span><\/span>\u00a0dans chacune de ses actions<\/span><\/span>. Il devrait se mettre au-dessus de la m\u00eal\u00e9e et prendre la position d\u2019un bon p\u00e8re de famille juste et \u00e9quitable.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Pour cela, il va falloir ouvrir des chantiers de la r\u00e9conciliation nationale par l\u2019implication de toutes les composantes de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 dans la construction de la nation. D\u2019ambitieux programmes gouvernementaux devraient ainsi permettre de sensibiliser les populations\u00a0<\/span><\/span>sur l\u2019imp\u00e9ratif du \u00ab vivre ensemble \u00bb et\u00a0<\/span><\/span>la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de\u00a0<\/span><\/span>r\u00e9parer les torts subis par les uns et les autres en toute \u00e9quit\u00e9. La justice pour tous et l\u2019\u00e9quit\u00e9 envers tous demeurent en toutes circonstances les garanties<\/span><\/span>\u00a0les plus solides<\/span><\/span>\u00a0pour une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 qui aspire\u00a0<\/span><\/span>vivre\u00a0<\/span><\/span>dans l\u2019harmonie.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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D<\/span><\/span>oper\u00a0<\/span><\/span>la classe<\/span><\/span>\u00a0politique<\/span><\/span>\u00a0dans son ensemble<\/span><\/span>\u00a0de confiance\u00a0<\/span><\/span>dans la\u00a0<\/span><\/span>gestion des \u00e9lections<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u2019est le second pilier de la reconstruction\u00a0<\/span><\/span>apr\u00e8s le passage de\u00a0<\/span><\/span>l<\/span><\/span>a temp\u00eate \u00e9lectorale. Un autre d\u00e9fi du nouveau pr\u00e9sident.\u00a0<\/span><\/span>En effet, on a longtemps discut\u00e9 sans qu\u2019un consensus ne se d\u00e9gag<\/span><\/span>\u00e9<\/span><\/span>\u00a0sur\u00a0<\/span><\/span>la nature, politique ou technique de\u00a0<\/span><\/span>l\u2019o<\/span><\/span>rganisme\u00a0<\/span><\/span>en charge de la gestion des \u00e9lections<\/span><\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Il est primordial avec\u00a0<\/span><\/span>le retour de la\u00a0<\/span><\/span>s\u00e9r\u00e9nit\u00e9<\/span><\/span>,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>de reprendre ce\u00a0<\/span><\/span>d\u00e9bat\u00a0<\/span><\/span>qui doit\u00a0<\/span><\/span>permettre\u00a0<\/span><\/span>d\u2019adopter par loi,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>un syst\u00e8me\u00a0<\/span><\/span>consensuel de gestion<\/span><\/span>\u00a0des \u00e9lections.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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Chacun sait que l<\/span><\/span>es consultations populaires qui sont en principe des moments forts de\u00a0<\/span><\/span>la<\/span><\/span>\u00a0vie d\u00e9mocratique et du libre choix des dirigeants sont depuis longtemps une p\u00e9riode de gros risques pour les Guin\u00e9ens.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Malgr\u00e9 la cons\u00e9cration de la d\u00e9mocratie dans les textes, la Guin\u00e9e a du chemin \u00e0 faire pour relever les d\u00e9fis d\u2019une\u00a0<\/span><\/span>gestion \u00e9lectorale<\/span><\/span>\u00a0pacifique et surtout consensuelle de bout en bout.\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Cette\u00a0<\/span><\/span>gestion<\/span><\/span>\u00a0a toujours \u00e9t\u00e9 au centre d\u2019importantes suspicions et rares sont aujourd\u2019hui\u00a0<\/span><\/span>l<\/span><\/span>es hommes politiques qui n\u2019ont pas port\u00e9\u00a0<\/span><\/span>d<\/span><\/span>es accusations\u00a0<\/span><\/span>de partialit\u00e9\u00a0<\/span><\/span>sur ce\u00a0<\/span><\/span>syst\u00e8me\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u00e0 un moment donn\u00e9 de leur combat.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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On peut donc d\u00e9duire que le d\u00e9nominateur commun \u00e0 toutes ces accusations qui se renouvellent d\u2019une\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u00e9lection \u00e0 une autre, est le manque de fiabilit\u00e9 dans l<\/span><\/span>e\u00a0<\/span><\/span>syst\u00e8me\u00a0<\/span><\/span>de gestion des \u00e9lections.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Les exp\u00e9riences d<\/span><\/span>u pays<\/span><\/span>\u00a0en gestion d\u2019\u00e9lections tout comme celles de nombreux autres pays africains, mettent en \u00e9vidence une relation de cause \u00e0 effet entre le niveau de confiance qu\u2019une\u00a0<\/span><\/span>gestion\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u00e9lectorale\u00a0<\/span><\/span>inspire aupr\u00e8s des comp\u00e9titeurs politiques et le climat post \u00e9lectoral.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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Force est de constater qu\u2019une confiance de faible niveau\u00a0<\/span><\/span>dans le syst\u00e8me\u00a0<\/span><\/span>augmente le risque de d\u00e9gradation du climat post \u00e9lectoral<\/span><\/span>. Et qu\u2019\u00e0 contrario,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>une confiance plus grande\u00a0<\/span><\/span>dans le syst\u00e8me diminue s<\/span><\/span>ignificativement\u00a0<\/span><\/span>c<\/span><\/span>e risque<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span>\u00a0La\u00a0<\/span><\/span>meilleure fa\u00e7on de r\u00e9soudre en toute responsabilit\u00e9 ce probl\u00e8me est l\u2019\u00e9l\u00e9vation d<\/span><\/span>e la dose\u00a0<\/span><\/span>de confiance dans le syst\u00e8me de gestion des \u00e9lections.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Certains\u00a0<\/span><\/span>commentateurs\u00a0<\/span><\/span>doutent<\/span><\/span>\u00a0de<\/span><\/span>s c<\/span><\/span>apacit\u00e9<\/span><\/span>s\u00a0<\/span><\/span>du pays\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u00e0<\/span><\/span>\u00a0produire\u00a0<\/span><\/span>un syst\u00e8me\u00a0<\/span><\/span>digne de confiance\u00a0<\/span><\/span>et\u00a0<\/span><\/span>se prononcent en faveur son externalisation<\/span><\/span>\u00a0pour plus de fiabilit\u00e9<\/span><\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Ils veulent\u00a0<\/span><\/span>donc\u00a0<\/span><\/span>que l<\/span><\/span>a gestion\u00a0<\/span><\/span>des \u00e9lections<\/span><\/span>\u00a0soit\u00a0<\/span><\/span>confi\u00e9<\/span><\/span>e<\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u00e0\u00a0<\/span><\/span>une structure\u00a0<\/span><\/span>internationale\u00a0<\/span><\/span>ind\u00e9pendante.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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Si cette solution traduit\u00a0<\/span><\/span>un<\/span><\/span>e\u00a0<\/span><\/span>certaine\u00a0<\/span><\/span>d\u00e9ception<\/span><\/span>\u00a0compr\u00e9hensible\u00a0<\/span><\/span>de\u00a0<\/span><\/span>ces commentateurs\u00a0<\/span><\/span>qui ne savent\u00a0<\/span><\/span>plus\u00a0<\/span><\/span>\u00e0 quel saint\u00a0<\/span><\/span>se<\/span><\/span>\u00a0vouer pour enfin avoir\u00a0<\/span><\/span>un<\/span><\/span>\u00a0syst\u00e8me d<\/span><\/span>e<\/span><\/span>\u00a0gestion<\/span><\/span>\u00a0des \u00e9lections\u00a0<\/span><\/span>digne de confiance et\u00a0<\/span><\/span>non controvers\u00e9<\/span><\/span>,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>elle semble<\/span><\/span>\u00a0par ailleurs\u00a0<\/span><\/span>intenable<\/span><\/span>,\u00a0<\/span><\/span>compte tenu du fait qu\u2019elle risque de mettre le pays sous\u00a0<\/span><\/span>une\u00a0<\/span><\/span>tutelle<\/span><\/span>\u00a0internationale.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

En effet, la gestion d\u2019une \u00e9lection\u00a0<\/span><\/span>nationale dans tout pays est\u00a0<\/span><\/span>avant tout\u00a0<\/span><\/span>une question de souverainet\u00e9\u00a0<\/span><\/span>qui ne saurait \u00eatre externalis\u00e9e sans compromettre\u00a0<\/span><\/span>s\u00e9rieusement\u00a0<\/span><\/span>celle-ci<\/span><\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Les Guin\u00e9ens n\u2019ont pas\u00a0<\/span><\/span>d\u2019<\/span><\/span>autres choix. Ils doivent prendre conscience qu\u2019ils ont tout int\u00e9r\u00eat \u00e0\u00a0<\/span><\/span>faire monter la dose de confiance dans l<\/span><\/span>e syst\u00e8me de gestion\u00a0<\/span><\/span>des \u00e9lections nationales<\/span><\/span>quand passera la temp\u00eate \u00e9lectorale.\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Les autres ne le feront pas \u00e0 leur place.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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